Environmental Problems: Water Resource and Forest Resource
Environmental Problems: Water Resource and Forest Resource Environmental Problems: Water Resources Water is one of the most essential natural resources for sustaining life, supporting ecosystems and enabling economic development. However, growing population, rapid industrialization, urbanization and climate change have put significant pressure on water resources, leading to a range of environmental problems. 1. Water Pollution Water pollution occurs when harmful substances such as chemicals, pathogens, and solid waste enter water bodies, degrading their quality. Sources: Industrial effluents, agricultural runoff (pesticides and fertilizers), untreated sewage and oil spills. Impacts: Contamination of drinking water sources, eutrophication, loss of aquatic biodiversity and increased incidence of waterborne diseases such as cholera and dysentery. 2. Over-Exploitation of Water Excessive withdrawal of surface and groundwater for irrigation, industry and domestic use can d...